So, What is Cross-Site Scripting, AKA XSS? XSS is a type of web security vulnerability that allows attackers to inject harmful scripts into web pages.

When the harmful code runs in a victim’s browser, it can do things like:

• Steal cookies or session tokens (to hijack accounts)
• Log keystrokes (to capture passwords)
• Modify the page’s content or behavior
• Redirect users to bad sites

How to Prevent XSS

• Escape user input before rendering in HTML, JS, or attributes. --- It means converting special characters in user-provided data into safe versions before displaying them on a webpage.
• Use frameworks that automatically escape output (e.g., React, Angular).
• Implement Content Security Policy (CSP) to limit what scripts can run. --- CSP tells the browser what content is allowed to load or run. If a script violates the policy, the browser blocks it.
• Sanitize input using libraries. --- Sanitizing means cleaning up user input by removing or modifying dangerous parts.
• Avoid innerHTML, document.write(), or unsafe template rendering